> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.withgauge.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# How do AI Models Search?
> Learn how large language models retrieve and synthesize information to generate answers and what that means for your brand's visibility.
## How AI Models Search
To improve your visibility in AI answers, you first need to understand how AI models actually find and use information. The process is fundamentally different from traditional search, and understanding it changes how you think about content.
## The 5 Steps of an AI Answer
Every time a user asks an AI a question, it goes through five steps:
1. **User Query:** The user asks a question
2. **Search:** The model decides whether to search the web for new information
3. **Reference:** It reads through the sources it finds
4. **Citation:** It selects the most relevant content to cite
5. **Final Answer:** It synthesizes everything into a response
## Does the AI Always Search the Web?
Not always. The model first decides whether it already has enough information to answer.
* **Historical or factual questions** the model was trained on don't require a web search
* **Recent or evolving topics** like new products, current rankings, or recent events require the model to go find new information
For most brand and category queries, AI models will search the web before answering.
## How AI Models Write Search Queries
When an AI model searches the web, it writes its own queries, and they look nothing like how humans search.
**Human search queries** are typically 2-3 words.
**AI model search queries** average around 11 words. They're longer, more specific, and often include words like *list*, *comparison*, *best*, *tools*, and *2026*. The model is specifically looking for roundups, rankings, and up-to-date information.
AI models also run multiple searches per question, typically around three, to build a more complete picture before generating an answer.
## Which Search Engine Does Each AI Use?
Different AI models rely on different search engines under the hood:
| AI Model | Search Engine |
| ----------------- | ------------- |
| ChatGPT | Google |
| Claude | Brave |
| Microsoft Copilot | Bing |
## How Citations Shape the Final Answer
After running its searches, the model reads through the results, selects specific articles, and pulls relevant passages. These become the **citations**, the sources that directly informed what the AI said.
> **Citations are what drive AI answers. If your content is cited, it shapes what the AI says. If it isn't, you don't exist in that answer.**
Optimizing for citations, not just keywords, is the foundation of AEO. That's what the rest of this course is about.
Core AEO Metrics